Network Communication Protocol

Network Communication Protocol

The network communication protocol is a common network language, which provides communication support for interconnecting networks that connect different operating systems and different hardware architectures. It is a common network language.

The network communication protocol is composed of three elements.

Semantics, explaining the meaning of each part of the control information. It specifies what kind of control information needs to be sent, as well as what actions to complete and what kind of responses to make.

Syntax, the structure and format of user data and control information, and the order in which the data appears.

Timing, a detailed description of the sequence of events.

These three elements can be described visually as: semantics means what to do, grammar means how to do it, and time sequence means the order of doing it.

Common Agreement

Common network communication protocols are: TCP/IP protocol, IPX/SPX protocol, NetBEUI protocol, etc.

TCP/IP protocol

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocol has strong flexibility, supports networks of any size, and can connect almost all servers and workstations. When using the TCP/IP protocol, complex settings are required. Each node needs at least an "IP address", a "subnet mask", a "default gateway", and a "host name". For some beginners, Said it is not convenient to use.

IPX/SPX and its compatible protocols

IPX/SPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequences Packet Exchange, Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequences Packet Exchange) is Novell's communication protocol set. IPX/SPX has a powerful routing function, suitable for large-scale network use. When the client accesses the NetWare server, IPX/SPX and its compatible protocols are the best choice. But in a non-Novell network environment, IPX/SPX is generally not used.

NetBEUI protocol

NetBEUI (NetBios Enhanced User Interface, NetBios Enhanced User Interface) protocol is a short, compact, and highly efficient broadcast protocol. It does not need to be set after installation, and is especially suitable for transmitting data in "network neighbors".

TCP/IP layered protocol

The TCP/IP reference model is the network architecture first used by ARPANET. It is divided into four layers: network interface layer (also called link layer), network layer (also called interconnection layer), transport layer and application layer. Each layer calls the network provided by its next layer to fulfill its needs.

The protocols corresponding to each layer are:

Network interface layer protocol: Ethernet 802.3, Token Ring 802.5, X.25, Frame relay, HDLC, PPP ATM, etc.

Network layer protocols: IP (Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol), ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol, control message protocol), ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, address translation protocol), RARP (Reverse ARP, reverse address translation protocol) .

Transport layer protocol: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, transmission control protocol) and UDP (User Datagram protocol, user datagram protocol).

Application layer protocols: FTP (File Transfer Protocol), TELNET (User Remote Login Service Protocol), DNS (Domain Name Service), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), NFS (Network File System, network file system), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, hypertext transfer protocol).